Komunikasi Sosial Stunting: Digitalisasi, Partisipasi dan Perubahan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62710/vnp6zd90Keywords:
stunting, komunikasi sosial, digitalisasi, partisipasi, perubahan perilakuAbstract
Stunting masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat serius di Indonesia. Komunikasi sosial dan pemasaran sosial berperan strategis dalam mengubah perilaku masyarakat. Tinjauan naratif ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi prinsip dan praktik komunikasi sosial untuk stunting berdasarkan 18 jurnal ilmiah terbitan 2020–2025. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan tiga pilar utama: digitalisasi (media sosial, aplikasi mobile, mHealth), partisipasi (pemberdayaan kader, modal sosial, keterlibatan komunitas), dan perubahan perilaku (teori HBM, komunikasi persuasif, pendekatan dekolonial). Bukti empiris menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi mobile seperti AECAS dan Edu Stunting secara signifikan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu, sementara komunikasi interpersonal kader Posyandu yang empatik terbukti lebih efektif daripada penyuluhan satu arah. Pendekatan dekolonial mengkritik intervensi SBCC konvensional yang cenderung top-down dan mengabaikan ekologi pangan lokal serta praktik sosiokultural masyarakat. Implikasi praktisnya, pemerintah dan dinas kesehatan perlu mengintegrasikan ketiga pilar secara simultan dalam kampanye stunting, disertai evaluasi dampak jangka panjang melalui desain studi yang ketat. Kesimpulannya, komunikasi sosial yang efektif memerlukan integrasi ketiga pilar tersebut secara simultan.
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