Strategi Pemasok dalam Mempertahankan Agen dan Distributor B2B: Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis mengenai Kepercayaan, Nilai Hubungan dan Pembelian Ulang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62710/d4bp6n84Keywords:
Agen dan Distributor, Kepercayaan, Nilai Hubungan, Retensi, Tinjauan Literatur SistematisAbstract
Pemasok yang menjangkau pasar melalui agen dan distributor bergantung pada kesediaan perantara untuk terus membeli dan memasarkan produknya, namun strategi pemasok yang mempertahankan perantara belum disintesis secara sistematis. Tinjauan ini bertujuan memetakan keadaan penelitian, mengidentifikasi strategi pemasok yang membentuk trust dan relationship value, menjelaskan mekanisme yang menghubungkannya dengan retensi, dan menyusun model konseptual yang dapat diuji. Prosedur mengikuti PRISMA 2020. Penelusuran pada 28 September 2026 menjaring 241 rekaman basis data dan 34 rekaman dari metode lain untuk rentang terbit 2015–2026, dan menghasilkan corpus final 11 artikel dari delapan negara. Literatur ini tipis dan terfragmentasi: sembilan dari sebelas studi berupa survei potong-lintang, tidak ada eksperimen, hampir setengah corpus tidak menyatakan landasan teori, dan hanya dua studi yang mengukur trust dan relationship value sekaligus. Sintesis menghasilkan empat tema: komunikasi dan interaksi sebagai jalan menuju trust, kualitas penawaran dan keadilan sebagai jalan menuju nilai, integrasi kedua rute, serta ketergantungan sebagai kondisi batas. Dukungan dan insentif kanal serta kapabilitas digital pemasok tidak diteliti oleh satu studi pun. Tinjauan ini mengusulkan Model Retensi Perantara Rute Ganda beserta dua belas proposisi berlabel kekuatan dukungan: empat kuat, satu sedang, lima lemah, dan dua eksploratif. Rute nilai, yang bekerja terutama melalui kepuasan, didukung langsung oleh studi distributor, sedangkan rute trust sejauh ini terutama didukung oleh studi pelanggan bisnis. Karena itu, pengujian rute trust pada agen dan distributor, khususnya dalam distribusi berjenjang di Indonesia, menjadi prioritas riset.
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