Perlindungan Hukum bagi Nelayan atas Wanprestasi Pemilik Kapal dalam Pembagian Hasil Tangkapan Perspektif Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah: Studi Kasus di Desa Tabuyung, Kecamatan Muara Batang Gadis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62710/6980v916Keywords:
Fisherman, Breach of Contract, Legal Protection, Catch Distribution, Sharia Economic LawAbstract
This research is motivated by the problem of catch distribution between fishermen and boat owners in Tabuyung Village, Muara Batang Gadis District, particularly the practice of recording catches below IDR 400,000 as debt and the distribution of catches that is not fully balanced for fishermen. This study aims to analyze the forms of breach of contract committed by boat owners in the distribution of catch proceeds and the legal protection afforded to fishermen based on Law Number 7 of 2016 and the perspective of the Compilation of Sharia Economic Law. This research employs an empirical juridical method with a descriptive-analytical type and a case study approach. Primary data were obtained through interviews with fishermen in Tabuyung Village, while secondary data were obtained through legislation, books, journals, and related previous studies. The data were analyzed qualitatively by relating field findings to applicable legal provisions and principles of Sharia economic law. The results show that the breach of contract is reflected in the failure to distribute catch proceeds in accordance with the agreed arrangement, including the practice of recording catches below IDR 400,000 as debt. Legal protection for fishermen can be strengthened through clear agreements, government guidance and supervision, and dispute resolution mechanisms. From the perspective of Sharia economic law, the implementation of catch-sharing agreements must uphold justice, trustworthiness, balance, and the fulfillment of the rights and obligations of the parties.
Downloads
References
Auda, J. (2008). Maqasid al-Shariah as philosophy of Islamic law: A systems approach. International Institute of Islamic Thought. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvkc67tg
Az-Zuhaili, W. (2011). Fiqih Islam wa adillatuhu (A. H. Al-Kattani et al., Trans.; Jilid 5). Gema Insani.
Departemen Agama Republik Indonesia. (2019). Al-Qur’an dan terjemahannya. Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia.
Ding, Q., Shan, X., Jin, X., & Gorfine, H. (2022). Achieving greater equity in allocation of catch shares: A case study in China. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9, 1049893. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.1049893
Elsler, L. G., Neil, M., Ferse, S., Navarrete Forero, G., Glaser, M., & Schlüter, M. (2023). Compliance in small-scale fisheries is linked to fisher-trader relations: Not fishers alone (Southeast Asian case study). Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 33, 751–766. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-023-09783-6
Harahap, N. R., & Hasanah, U. (2025). Consumer protection against ghost sellers in the Shopee marketplace from the perspective of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and Compilation of Sharia Economic Law. Journal Analytica Islamica, 14(2), 1114–1129. https://doi.org/10.30829/jai.v14i2.25823
Hasanah, U., Prakarsa, Z. E., & Dania, D. R. (2022). Mekanisme kerja sama pertanian (akad muzara'ah) antara pemilik lahan dan penggarap di Desa Benua Ratu Kec. Luas, Kab. Kaur, Bengkulu. Studia Economica: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam, 8(2), 342–355. https://doi.org/10.30821/se.v8i2.13999
Ibnu Majah. (2021). Sunan Ibnu Majah.
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia. (2020). Pedoman perlindungan dan pemberdayaan nelayan. Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia.
Khoiri, N. (2022). Analisis teori hukum maqashid al-syariah Al-Syatibi terhadap peran perguruan tinggi dalam penanggulangan stunting di Indonesia. Journal of Gender and Social Inclusion in Muslim Societies, 3(2), 119–131.
Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia. (2008). Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia Nomor 2 Tahun 2008 tentang Kompilasi Hukum Ekonomi Syariah.
Manan, A. (2021). Hukum ekonomi syariah dalam perspektif kewenangan peradilan agama. Kencana Prenada Media Group.
Masyhuri, M., Tarigan, A. A., & Lubis, F. A. (2022). Analisis maqashid syari’ah pada kebijakan restrukturisasi dalam mengatasi pembiayaan bermasalah akibat pandemi COVID-19 (studi kasus Bank BTN Syariah Medan). Human Falah: Jurnal Studi Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, 9(2), 25–45.
Nita, U. R., & Harahap, A. R. (2025). Company liability for default in the event of packages not arriving at the address by couriers: A compilation of Sharia Economic Law perspective. Journal Analytica Islamica, 14(2), 968–975. https://doi.org/10.30829/jai.v14i2.25589
Permata, C., Harahap, M. Y., Siregar, R. S., & Iwan, I. (2025). Optimizing the legal status of the National Sharia Arbitration Board as a non-litigation institution for sharia economics in Indonesia. Jurnal Penelitian Medan Agama, 16(2), 338–348. https://doi.org/10.58836/jpma.v16i2.28104
Phelan, A. A., Ross, H., Adhuri, D. S., & Richards, R. (2023). Equity in a sea of debt: How better understanding of small-scale fisheries can help reel in sustainable seafood. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 80(8), 2222–2232. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsac020
Purwanti, C. M., & Zulham. (2023). Perlindungan terhadap lembaga consumer finance atas wanprestasi yang dilakukan oleh konsumen. Al-Manhaj: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Islam, 5(1), 649–658. https://doi.org/10.37680/almanhaj.v5i1.2643
Lopia, S. (2023). Determinan pendapatan nelayan di Desa Tabuyung Kecamatan Muara Batang Gadis Kabupaten Mandailing Natal [Undergraduate thesis, UIN Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan]. Electronic Theses of UIN Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan.
Ramadhan, A. R., & Efendi, R. (2025). Settlement of problematic financing through religious courts (case study of BPRS Al-Washliyah). Journal Analytica Islamica, 14(2), 1033–1042. https://doi.org/10.30829/jai.v14i2.25781
Republik Indonesia. (2016). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 7 Tahun 2016 tentang Perlindungan dan Pemberdayaan Nelayan, Pembudi Daya Ikan, dan Petambak Garam. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2016 Nomor 68, Tambahan Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Nomor 5870.
Roberts, N., Mengge, B., Utina, M. R., Muhatar, F., Anugerah, A., Icwardanhi, A., Zulkifli R., M., & Humphries, A. (2022). Patron-client relationships shape value chains in an Indonesian island-based fisheries system. Marine Policy, 143, 105142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105142
Ruano-Chamorro, C., Gurney, G. G., Barnes, M. L., Gelcich, S., & Cinner, J. E. (2023). Disparities in the impacts of co-management on fishers’ livelihoods. Sustainability Science, 18, 2723–2733. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-023-01361-w
Sabiq, S. (1983). Fiqh al-Sunnah (Jilid III). Dar al-Fikr.
Sahliah. (2024). Praktik pertanian tumpang sari dalam perspektif mazhab Syafi’i. At-Tafahum: Journal of Islamic Law, 8(2).
Santoso, M. A. E. P. (2025). Arbitrase solusi alternatif dalam menyelesaikan sengketa ekonomi syariah. TAQNIN: Jurnal Syariah dan Hukum, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.30821/taqnin.v7i01.21867
Sarwat, A. (2021). Ushul fiqih kontemporer. Rumah Fiqih Publishing.
Subekti. (2005). Hukum perjanjian. Intermasa.
Sudiarti, S. (2016). Business contract in contemporary muamalah maliyah. Human Falah: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, 3(2), 144–157. https://doi.org/10.30829/hf.v3i2.527
Suma, M. A. (2014). Hukum Islam: Telaah normatif dan filosofis. RajaGrafindo Persada.
Wahyuni, S. (2021). Perlindungan hukum terhadap nelayan tradisional. Jurnal Hukum Pesisir, 3(2)
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Eki Perdana Putra, Uswatun Hasanah (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
