The Successful Digital Transformation of Human Resource Management: A Study of Regional Water Supply Enterprises (BUMD Air Minum) in West Kalimantan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62710/sktz9e38Keywords:
Digital Transformation; Human Resource Management; BUMD Water Supply; West KalimantanAbstract
Digital transformation in human resource management (HRM) has become an urgent necessity for public sector organizations, including Regional Water Supply Enterprises (BUMD Air Minum) in West Kalimantan. This study is a pilot study aimed at testing and exploring the directional relationships among variables as a foundation for a full-scale study. Variables examined include transformational leadership, organizational culture, employee digital competency, IT infrastructure, and top management support as independent variables, with HRM digital transformation success as the dependent variable. A quantitative approach with simple random sampling was employed involving 30 respondents from Regional Water Supply Enterprises (BUMD Air Minum) in West Kalimantan, randomly selected. Results were analyzed using regression analysis with SPSS version 26, showing that transformational leadership, employee digital competency, and top management support have positive and significant effects, while organizational culture and IT infrastructure show positive but non-significant trends at this sample size. This pilot study confirms instrument readiness for a full-scale study across all BUMD Air Minum in West Kalimantan.
Downloads
References
Aminah, S., & Saksono, H. (2021). Digital transformation of the government: A case study in Indonesia. Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 37(2), 272–288.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2023). Indeks Pembangunan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi 2022. Jakarta: BPS RI.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2025). Indikator Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi 2024. Jakarta: BPS RI.
Baker, J. (2012). The technology-organization-environment framework. In Y. K. Dwivedi et al. (Eds.), Information Systems Theory: Explaining and Predicting Our Digital World, Vol. 1, 231–245. Springer.
Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. Free Press.
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Sage Publications.
Bondarouk, T., & Brewster, C. (2016). Conceptualising the future of HRM and technology research. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 27(21), 2652–2671.
Bondarouk, T., Harms, R., & Lepak, D. (2017). Does e-HRM lead to better HRM service? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(9), 1332–1362.
Bradley, R. V., Pridmore, J. L., & Byrd, T. A. (2012). Information systems success in the context of different corporate cultural types: An empirical investigation. Journal of Management Information Systems, 23(2), 267–294
Bughin, J., Hazan, E., Ramaswamy, S., Chui, M., Allas, T., Dahlström, P., Henke, N., & Trench, M. (2018). Skill shift: Automation and the future of the workforce. McKinsey Global Institute.
Cortellazzo, L., Bruni, E., & Zampieri, R. (2019). The role of leadership in a digitalized world: A review. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, Article 1938
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). Sage Publications.
Ditjen Cipta Karya Kementerian PUPR & PERPAMSI. (2023). Buku Kinerja BUMD Air Minum 2023. Direktorat Air Minum
Dong, L., Neufeld, D., & Higgins, C. (2009). Top management support of enterprise systems implementations. Journal of Information Technology, 24(1), 55–80.
European Commission. (2021). DigComp 2.2: The digital competence framework for citizens. Publications Office of the European Union.
Gill, M. (2020). A blueprint for digital culture transformation. MIT Sloan Management Review, 62(1), 1–5.
Hertzog, M. A. (2008). Considerations in determining sample size for pilot studies. Research in Nursing & Health, 31(2), 180–191.
Johanson, G. A., & Brooks, G. P. (2010). Initial scale development: Sample size for pilot studies. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 70(3), 394–400.
Kementerian BUMN Republik Indonesia. (2023). Laporan Perkembangan Digitalisasi BUMN dan BUMD Tahun 2022. Kementerian BUMN RI.
Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat. (2022). Buku Kinerja BUMD Air Minum 2022. Jakarta: Direktorat Air Minum, Ditjen Cipta Karya, Kementerian PUPR.
Kurniawan, A., & Hidayat, R. (2022). Determinan transformasi digital pada BUMD sektor air minum di Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 10(3), 211–228.
Lancaster, G. A., Dodd, S., & Williamson, P. R. (2004). Design and analysis of pilot studies: Recommendations for good practice. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 10(2), 307–312.
Margherita, E. G., & Barberio, M. (2021). The role of human-oriented technologies in industry 4.0: Toward digital HR management. Strategic Change, 30(1), 21–34.
Marler, J. H., & Boudreau, J. W. (2017). An evidence-based review of HR analytics. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(1), 3–26.
Matt, C., Hess, T., & Benlian, A. (2015). Digital transformation strategies. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 57(5), 339–343.
Mauluddin, Y., & Wibowo, P. (2023). Pengaruh dukungan manajemen puncak dan kesiapan organisasi terhadap keberhasilan digitalisasi BUMD di Jawa Barat. Jurnal Riset Manajemen dan Bisnis, 8(2), 112–129.
Mergel, I., Edelmann, N., & Haug, N. (2019). Defining digital transformation: Results from expert interviews. Government Information Quarterly, 36(4), Article 101385.
Nugroho, A., Suryanto, T., & Wijayanti, R. (2022). Pengaruh kompetensi digital SDM terhadap efektivitas implementasi e-HRM pada BUMN Indonesia. Jurnal Manajemen, 26(1), 78–97.
Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Oberer, B., & Erkollar, A. (2018). Leadership 4.0: Digital leaders in the age of Industry 4.0. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 7(4), 404–412.
Oliveira, T., & Martins, M. F. (2011). Literature review of information technology adoption models at firm level. Electronic Journal of Information Systems Evaluation, 14(1), 110–121.
Prasetyo, H., & Aman, A. (2021). Kepemimpinan transformasional dan transformasi digital pada BUMN Indonesia: Peran mediasi budaya organisasi. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 24(1), 1–22.
Rahardjo, B., Susanto, T. D., & Albar, M. (2021). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adopsi e-government pada PDAM di Indonesia Timur: Perspektif Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE). Jurnal Sistem Informasi, 17(2), 62–80.
Ross, J. W., Weill, P., & Robertson, D. C. (2006). Enterprise architecture as strategy: Creating a foundation for business execution. Harvard Business School Press.
Santoso, A., & Prabowo, H. (2021). Kesiapan transformasi digital BUMD Air Minum di wilayah Jabodetabek: Analisis multidimensi. Jurnal Manajemen dan Pemasaran Jasa, 14(2), 193–214.
Schallmo, D., Williams, C. A., & Boardman, L. (2017). Digital transformation of business models—best practice, enablers, and roadmap. International Journal of Innovation Management, 21(8)
Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership (4th ed.). Jossey-Bass.
Sivathanu, B., & Pillai, R. (2018). Smart HR 4.0—how industry 4.0 is disrupting HR. Human Resource Management International Digest, 26(4), 7–11.
Strohmeier, S. (2020). Digital human resource management: A conceptual clarification. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(3), 345–365.
Tabrizi, B., Lam, E., Girard, K., & Irvin, V. (2019). Digital transformation is not about technology. Harvard Business Review, March 13.
Thite, M. (2022). Digital human resource management: A strategic overview. In M. Thite (Ed.), e-HRM: Digital approaches, directions & applications (1–21). Routledge.
Tornatzky, L. G., & Fleischer, M. (1990). The processes of technological innovation. Lexington Books.
van Laar, E., van Deursen, A. J. A. M., van Dijk, J. A. G. M., & de Haan, J. (2017). The relation between 21st-century skills and digital skills or literacy: A systematic literature review. Computers in Human Behavior, 72, 577–588.
Vial, G. (2019). Understanding digital transformation: A review and a research agenda. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 28(2), 118–144.
Wade, M. R., & Hulland, J. (2004). The resource-based view and information systems research: Review, extension, and suggestions for future research. MIS Quarterly, 28(1), 107–142.
Warner, K. S. R., & Wäger, M. (2019). Building dynamic capabilities for digital transformation: An ongoing process of strategic renewal. Long Range Planning, 52(3), 326–349.
Westerman, G., Bonnet, D., & McAfee, A. (2014). Leading digital: Turning technology into business transformation. Harvard Business Review Press.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Yohannes Andriyus Wijaya, Nur Afifah, Mustaruddin Mustaruddin, Titik Rosnani (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
